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Day of Judgment

50 Signs of the Day of Judgment

    50 signs of the Day of Judgment

    Author: Muhammad Hashim Qasmi Bastawi

    This article discusses the signs of the Day of Judgment. I have compiled the signs that have appeared in the past, the signs that appear in the present, and the signs that will appear as the Day of Judgment approaches. I have done my best to write this article and have made an effort to include authentic references. You will find this article to be very informative and satisfying and you may not encounter such evidence-based information on any other site.

    Signs of the Day of Judgment have appeared in the past

    1. Splitting of the Moon.[1]

    (The splitting of the moon occurred during the era of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, prior to his migration to Medina. Ibne Kathir reported in Al-Bidayah wa’l-Nihayah the consensus on this matter and mentioned that there are many hadiths that indicate certainty regarding it. The apparent meaning of Ibne Kathir’s words is that it took place between the incident of Isra’ and Mi’raj and approximately one year or more before the migration.)[2]

    1. Death of the Prophet Muhammad, (ﷺ).[3]

    (The Prophet Muhammad, (ﷺ), died on Monday, the 12th of Rabi` al-Awwal in the year 11 AH ( 8 June 632 AD ).)

    1. A form of death which will kill thousands of Muslims.

    (Understood to refer to the plague of Amwas   عمواسduring the caliphate of ‘Umar ibn al-Khattab. [4] The plague occurred in the year 18 AH, 639 AD. It was the first plague in Islam, in a town called Amwas (a village near Jerusalem, hence it was called “the Plague of Amwas”) . Many great companions died because of it, including Muadh ibn Jabal, Abu Ubaidah, Shurahbil ibn Hasana, Abu Jandal Sahl ibn Amr and his father, and al-Fadl ibn al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, رضي الله عنهم. )[5]

    1. Two large groups of Muslims will fight in a war[6]

    (It is a battle that took place in a land called Siffin(صفين)  (an area near Raqqa, Syria today) between the army of Ali ibn Abi Talib and the army of Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan in the month of Safar in the year 37 AH, approximately July 657 AD , one year after the Battle of the Jamal, and ended with arbitration in the month of Ramadan of the same year. In this battle, the prominent companion Ammar bin Yasir was martyred.)[7]

    1. A major fighting in Madinah (understood to refer to the battle of al-Harrah during the caliphate of Yazid, 63 AH).[8]
    2. The Muslim conquest of Jerusalem.[9]

    (The conquest of Jerusalem, which occurred during the caliphate of Omar ibn al-Khattab in 16 AH, 637 AD, and Omar had gone to Jerusalem himself and has built a mosque.)[10]

    1. The Muslim conquest of Rome.[11]

    (Pointing from the “Muslim conquest of Rome” to the Battle of Yarmouk, which took place in 15 AH (636 AD) between the Muslims and the Romans (Byzantine Empire), some historians consider it one of the most important battles in world history because it marked the beginning of the first wave of Muslim victories outside the Arabian Peninsula and heralded the rapid advance of Islam in the Levant. The battle occurred four years after the death of the Prophet Muhammad. See “Tarikhul Islam” by Al-Dhahabi for details.)[12]

    1. The Muslim conquest of Constantinople.( 21 Jumada al-Ula 857 AH, 29 May 1453 AD by Sultan Muhammad Al Fateh)[13]
    2. A war between the Muslims and a reddish people with small eyes, wearing sandals made of hair. [14]

    (Understood to refer to the Mongol tatar invasion of the Islamic lands. It is the most important battle that marked a decisive turning point in Islamic history on the 25th of Ramadan in the year 658 AH, 3rd of September 1260 AD.) [15]

    1. A peace agreement between the Muslims and non-Muslims from the yellow race (Chinese, Mongols, etc.)

    This treaty could have been between King Ghazan or Qazan )in Mongolian language:  “Газан, Хасан”, and in Chines language: “合贊” , who converted to Islam and was originally from the Mongols) and the Mongols, on 2nd  Jamadal Ula 699 AH, 25th  January 1300 AD, as mentioned by Al-Dhahabi in “Tareekul Islam.”[16]

    1. Thirty impostors (dajjal) will appear, each thinking he is a prophet.[17]

    (These signs have appeared and this is one of the signs of the Day of Judgment, because many claimants to prophet hood have emerged in the past and present, and it is likely that other impostor will appear before the appearance of the one-eyed Dajjal)[18]

    Signs of the Day of Judgment appear in the present

    1. Naked, destitute, barefoot shepherds will compete in building tall buildings.[19]

    (This will occur at a time when their wealth will increase, their status will expand, and they will have no occupation other than building, as they do not engage in worship or knowledge, as we observe in the present.)[20]

    1. The slave-woman will give birth to her master or mistress.[21]

    (Defiance in children will become quite prevalent; the child behaves towards his mother as a master would towards a servant, resulting in insults, physical violence, and mistreatment. Consequently, the expression “Rabbataha” was was used in a metaphorical sense.) [22]

    1. A trial (fitnah) which will enter every Arab household.[23]

    (Those seditions that occurred among the Muslims after the killing of Uthman ibn Affan.[24]

    It may include the temptations and seductions that have entered the homes of Muslims in this era through the media, intellectual invasion, and the spread of usury, which have invaded the homes of Muslims and encroached upon them in their very own residences.)

    1. Knowledge will be taken away (by the death of people of knowledge), and ignorance will prevail.[25]
    2. Wine (intoxicants, alcohol) will be drunk in great quantities.[26]
    3. Illegal sexual intercourse will become widespread.[27]
    4. Earthquakes will increase.[28]
    5. Time will pass more quickly.[29]

    (It came in Sunan Tirmidhi: 2332:  the year is like a month, a month is like the week, and the week is like the day, and the day is like the hour, and the hour is like the flare of the fire.”)

    (This is attributed to the lack of the blessings of time and the loss of its benefits, or that people, due to their great concern with the calamities and hardships that have befallen them, and their hearts being occupied with great tribulations do not will realize how their days and nights are passing quickly.)[30]

    1. Tribulations (fitan) will prevail.[31]
    2. Bloodshed will increase.[32]
    3. A man will pass by the grave of another and wish he was in the latter’s place.[33]

    (Mean: I wish I were dead like him, because of the many trials and fears of losing faith due to the dominance of falsehood and the emergence of sins and wrongdoing.)

    1. Trustworthiness will be lost, i.e. when authority is given to those who do not deserve it.[34]
    2. People will gather for prayer, but will be unable to find an imam to lead them.[35]

    (Means: Some of them will push others to the mosque to lead the congregation in prayer, but they will be refused because they will not be qualified to do so, as they do not know anything about prayer.)[36]

    Signs of the Day of Judgment will be appear in the Future

    1. The number of men will decrease, whilst the number of women will increase, until for every man there are 50 women.[37]

    (Mean: one man will take care of women’s affairs due to the many temptations and wars in which many men are killed.)

    1. The Euphrates will reveal a treasure of gold, and many will die fighting over it, each one hoping to be the one who gains the treasure.[38]
    2. The Romans (Europeans) will come to a place called A’maq or Wabiq, and an army of the best people will go forth from Madinah to face them.[39]
    3. The Mahdi (guided one) will appear, and be the Imam of the Muslims.[40] (The Imam is the Mahdi)[41]
    4. Jesus Christ will descend in Damascus, and pray behind the Mahdi.[42]
    5. Jesus will break the cross and kill the swine, i.e. destroy the false Christianity.[43]
    6. The Antichrist (al-Masih al-dajjal, the false Christ) will appear, with all his tools of deception, and be an immense trial. He will be followed by 70,000 Jews from Isfahan (present-day Iran).[44]

    (Also came in a hadith narrated by Abu Bakr: The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: `The Dajjal will emerge from a land in the east called Khurasan and he will be followed by peoples whose faces are like hammered shields.` )[45]

    Note: I say: There is no contradiction between Khorasan and Isfahan, as Khorasan is a large region that includes several cities, including Isfahan.

    1. The appearance of Ya’juj and Ma’juj (Gog and Magog), and the associated tribulations.[46]

    (Gog and Magog are among the children of Adam with their forms and characteristics. They are from the descendants of Noah. Noah had three sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth. Shem was the father of the Arabs, Ham was the father of the Sudanese, and Japheth was the father of the Turks. Gog and Magog represent a group of Turks, and they are the Mongols of the Mongols. They are more powerful. [47] And this appearance will form from the Caucasus Mountains; its location is the gap in the folds of the Caucasus Mountains, and the gap was known as the Darial Gorge. It is near the city of Bishkek (formerly Tiflis ), the capital of Kyrgyzstan. The Caucasus Mountains are a mountain range located on the border between the continents of Asia and Europe, extending between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. [48])

    1. The emergence of the Beast from the Earth, carrying the Staff of Moses and the Seal of Solomon[49], who will speak to the people, telling them they did not believe with certainty in the Divine Signs.[50]

    (The Beast  Al  Jassaasah.(الجساسة)  It was narrated: that its length is sixty cubits, and it has four legs, down, feathers, and two wings. No fugitive can escape it, and no seeker can catch up with it. It was narrated that the Prophet, was asked where it came from, and he said: It is one of the most sacred mosques to God, meaning the “Al Masjid Al Haram”.) [51]

    1. A major war between the Muslims (including Jews and Christians who truly believe in Jesus after his return) led by the Imam Mahdi, and the Jews plus other non-Muslims led by the Antichrist.[52]

    (This battle will occur after the appearance of Imam Mahdi, and Jesus, peace be upon him, will descend after him, and kill the Antichrist, and follow the Mahdi in prayer.)[53]

    1. Jesus will kill the Antichrist at the gate of Ludd[54] (Lod in present-day Israel, site of an airport and a major Israeli military base[55]).
    2. A time of great peace and serenity during and after the remaining lifetime of Jesus.[56]
    3. Wealth will come so abundant that it will become difficult to find someone to accept charity.[57]
    4. Arabia will become a land of gardens and rivers.[58]
    5. Society will then decay.[59]
    6. The buttocks of the women of the tribe of Daws will again sway in circumambulation (tawaf) around the idol Dhul-Khulsah. (ذو الخلصة)[60]

    (This means that the women of Daws (a tribe in Yemen) will be restless for the circumambulation (tawaf) of Dhul-Khalsa (an idol shrine in the Daws tribe), which means they will disbelieve and begin worshipping idols.)[61]

    1. A fire will come out of the land of Hejaz, and it will throw light on the necks of the camels at Busra.” [62]

    (Busra: A city in the Levant, about 120 kilometers from Damascus (Dimashq  (دمشق)capital and largest city of Syria.)  It is said to be the city of Basra, located in southern Iraq. This fire appeared in the middle of the seventh century AH, in the year 654 AH. 1159 AD. It was a great fire that erupted from the Hijaz, near Medina, on the eastern side of the city. Knowledge of it spread among all the people of the Levant and other countries. It shone and ignited until it burned most of the city’s buildings. Everyone around Medina saw it. It continued burning for about fifty days, throwing hot, blazing stones from the bowels of the earth.) [63]

    1. Landslides in three places, one in the east, one in the west and one in Arabic.[64]

    (Ibn Al-Malak said: The landslide has happened in many places, but it is possible that what is meant by the three landslides will be greater than what occurred before. [65] Al-Qurtubi said: Some of these landslides occurred during the time of the Prophet صلى اللَّه عليه وسلم . This was mentioned by Ibn Wahb. Abu al-Faraj Ibn al-Jawzi mentioned that there were huge earthquakes and landslides in Iraq, and many people died because of them. Then al-Qurtubi said: This landslide happened to us in eastern Andalusia (Spain) , according to what we heard from some of our scholars, in a village called Qatrtanda. [66])

    1. An Abyssinian leader with thin shins will destroy the Ka’bah.[67]

    (Al-Tyibi said: The indication that such a great Kaaba would be violated by such a vile and despicable person is not contradicted by the words of Allah the Almighty:

     {أَوَلَمْ يَرَوْا أَنَّا جَعَلْنَا حَرَمًا آمِنًا وَيُتَخَطَّفُ النَّاسُ مِنْ حَوْلِهِمْ} [العنكبوت: 67]

    [Have they not seen how we have made ˹Mecca˺ a safe haven, while people ˹all˺ around them are snatched away? How can they then believe in falsehood and deny Allah’s favours?]

    Because Allah prevented the elephant from entering Mecca and did not allow its companions to destroy the Kaaba, and it was not a Qiblah at that time, how could He have given authority to the Abyssinians over it after it had become a Qiblah for the Muslims?

    The answer to this question is that the Kaaba will be safe until the near Day of Resurrection, because this destruction will take place during the time of Jesus, peace be upon him, or after his death, and after the Qur’an has been lifted up.)[68]

    1. The huge cloud of smoke.[69]

    (It is possible that smoke will manifest in two kinds: one of them will occur near the Day of Resurrection, as indicated by the following narration, which was narrated by Imam Al-Bukhari and Muslim in their Sahihs.[70] and mentioned by Al-Nawawi in his explanation of Sahih Muslim.

    “A storyteller at the gates of Kinda (كندة) states that the verse of the Qur’an referring to the ” smoke” implies that which is about to come ; it would take the breath away from the infidels and inflict the believers with cold”. [71]

    The second smoke is what the Quraysh experienced during the time of the Prophet, may God bless him and grant him peace, due to famine, until they saw something like smoke between them and the sky. This is the opinion of Ibn Masoud, and a group agreed with him, including Ibn Omar, Hudhayfah, and Al-Hasan, as mentioned by Muslim in his Sahih, with Al-Nawawi noting it in his explanation of Sahih Muslim.)[72]

    1. The sun will rise from the west (its place of setting).[73]

    (The first signs to appear will be the Antichrist, then the descent of Jesus, then the emergence of Gog and Magog, then the emergence of the beast, and the rising of the sun from the west. This is because the infidels will submit in the time of Jesus, so that the call will be one and all people will be believers. If the sun had risen from the west before the emergence of the Antichrist and the descent of Jesus, the faith of the infidels would not have benefited them in the days of Jesus, and if it had not benefited them, the religion would not have become one, and the people would not have been believers.)[74]

    1. A gentle wind which will take the souls of the believers.[75]

    (This was after the descent of Jesus, peace be upon him, as appears from the Muslim’s [76] narration.)

    1. There is no-one left on the earth saying, “Allah, Allah” or “There is no god except Allah.”[77]

    (It was after the gentle wind came that would take the souls of the believers.[78])

    1. Eventually the Day of Judgment is established upon the worst of the people, who copulate like donkeys in public.[79]

    (Means: men will have sex with women openly in front of people, just as donkeys do, and they will not care about it. It will be at the end of the world.)[80]

    1. The blowing in the Trumpet by the Angel Israfil, (إسرافيل) upon which everyone will faint except as Allah wills.[81]

    (Upon hearing this Trumpet, everyone in the heavens and on the earth will die , except for those whom Allah wills to remain.

    The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “People will be struck unconscious on the Day of resurrection , and I will be the first to regain consciousness. behold! There I will see Moses holding one of the pillars of Allah’s Throne. I will wonder whether he has regained consciousness before me or has been exempted because of his unconsciousness at Tur (the mountain) which he experienced (on the earth) “. Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim.)[82]

    1. The second blowing in the Trumpet, upon which everyone will be resurrected.[83]

    (As for the period of time between the two Trumpets, it was proven on the authority of Abu Hurairah, may God be pleased with him, that the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Between the two blowings of the trumpet there will be forty.” The people asked, “O Abu Huraira! Forty days?” He refused to reply. They said, “Forty years?” He again refused to reply and added, “Everything in the human body will decay except the coccyx bone, and from that bone Allah will reconstruct the whole body”.  Narrated by Al-Bukhari and Muslim. The meaning of Abu Hurairah’s statement is this : I refrain from specifying what the Prophet meant by “Arbaeen” because he used the term forty ( ” Arbaeen أربعين”) and did not clarify further .)[84]

    Footnotes

    [1]  Al-Qur’an: 54: 1, Sahih Bukhari: 3176.

    [2] Al Bidayah wan Nihayah, by Ibne  Katheer al-Qurashi al-Basri  al-Dimashqi (died: 774 AH), Publisher: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Edition: First 1408 AH – 1988 AD, Vol: 3, P: 146.

    [3] Sahih Bukhari: 3176, Sunan Ibne Majah: 4042, Sahih Ibne Hibban: 23971.

    [4] Sahih Bukhari: 3176, Futuhul Buldan, by Al Bladhri:  page: 141, Al Muntazam Fi Tarikhi al Umam wal Mulook By Inbnul Jauzi: Vol: 4, p: 247

    [5] Futuh al-Buldan, by Ahmad bin Yahya bin Jabir bin Dawud al-Baladhuri (died: 279 AH), Publisher: Dar w Matabah Al-Hilal – Beirut, Year of Publication: 1988 AD, P: 141.

    [6] Sahih Bukhari: 6935, Sahih Muslim: 157, Al Bidayah Wannihayah by Ibne Katheer: Vol: 7, P: 304

    [7] Tareekh al-Tabari = Tarikh Al Rusul Wal Mulook, by Muhammad bin Jarir bin Yazid bin Katheer bin Ghaleb al-Amili, Abu Jaafar al-Tabari (died: 310 AH), Publisher: Dar al-Turath – Beirut, Edition: Second – 1387 AH, Vol: 5 P: 5-57

    [8] Tareekh Khalifa Bin Khayyat: P: 236, Al Marifah Wattareekh, by Yaquoob Al Faswi, Vol: 3 P: 325, Tareekh Tabri: Vol: 5, P: 487

    [9] [9] Sahih Bukhari: 3176, Sunan Ibne Majah: 4042, Tareekh Tabri: Vol: 3, P: 607, Al Muntazam Fi Tareekhil Mulook Wal Umam, By Ibnul Jauzi: : Vol: 4, P: 193

    [10] Al-Kamil fi al-Tarikh, by Abu al-Hasan Ali bin Abi al-Karm Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Abdul Karim bin Abdul Wahid al-Shaibani al- Jazari, Izz al-Din Ibn al-Athir (died: 630 AH), Publisher: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi, Beirut – Lebanon, Edition: First, 1417 AH / 1997 AD, Vol: 2, P: 229

    [11] Sahih Muslim: 2900, Sahih ibne Hibban: 6672, Musnad Ahmad: 1541

    [12] Tareekul Islam by Al-Dhahabi, Vol: 3, P: 139-145, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, Beirut, Edition: Second, 1413 AH – 1993 AD

    [13] Sahih Muslim: 2920, Al Mustadrak Alas Sahihain, by Imam Hakim:  8469, Al Isha’ah Li Ashratis Sa’ah, by Muhammad Bin Abdur Rsool Al Barzanji, P: 204, Ashratus Sa’ah, by Yousuf Bin Abdullah bin Yousuf Al Wabil, P: 191,192

    [14] Sahih Bukhari: 2928, Sahih Muslim: 2912.

    [15] Tareekhul Islam, by Shamshuddin  Muhammad bin Ahmad, bin Uthman bin Qaimaz Adhdhabi, Vol: 14, P: 679, Samtun Njoom Al Awaali, by Abdul Malik bin Husain, Al Isaami Al Makki, Vol: 3, P: 503, Ashratus Sa’ah, by Yousuf Bin Abdullah bin Yousuf Al Wabil, P: 108.

    [16] Tareekul Islam by Al-Dhahabi, Vol: 52, P: 74, 75, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, Beirut, Edition: Second, 1413 AH – 1993 AD

    [17] Sahih Bukhari: 3609, Sahih Muslim: 157

    [18]  Al-Isha’ah li Ashratis Sa’ah, by Muhammad bin Abdur Rasool Rasool Al-Barzanji Al-Hussaini (1040 AH – 1103 AH) Publisher: Dar Al-Minhaj for Publishing and Distribution, Jeddah – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Edition: Third, 1426 AH – 2005 AD, P: 96, 97,

    [19] Sahih Muslim: 8, Sunan Abu Daud: 4695

    [20] Al-Isha’ah li Ashratis Sa’ah, by Muhammad bin Abdur Rasool Rasool Al-Barzanji Al-Hussaini (1040 AH – 1103 AH) Publisher: Dar Al-Minhaj for Publishing and Distribution, Jeddah – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Edition: Third, 1426 AH – 2005 AD, P: 149

    [21] [21] Sahih Muslim: 8, Sunan Abu Daud: 4695

    [22] Fath Al-Bari, Sharh Sahih Al-Bukhari, Ahmad bin Ali bin Hajar Abu Al-Fadl Al-Asqalani, Publisher: Dar Al-Ma’rifah – Beirut, 1379, Vol: 1, P: 122, 123

    [23] Sahih Bukhari: 3176, Narrated `Auf bin Malik,

    [24] Fath Al-Bari, Sharh Sahih Al-Bukhari, Ahmad bin Ali bin Hajar Abu Al-Fadl Al-Asqalani, Publisher: Dar Al-Ma’rifah – Beirut, 1379, Vol: 7, P: 325

    [25] Sahih Bukhari: 80, 6808, Sahih Muslim: 157, 2671,  Sahih ibne Hibban: 6718

    [26] Sahih Bukhari: 80, 6808, 5231,  Sahih Muslim: 2671

    [27] Sahih Bukhari: 80, 6808, 5231,  Sahih Muslim: 2671

    [28] Sahih Bukhari: 1036, 7121, Sahih Muslim: 157

    [29] Sahih Bukhari: 1036, Sahih Muslim: 157, Sunan Abi Daud: 4255, Sunan Tirmidhi: 2332,

    [30] Al-Kashif ‘an Haqa’iq Al-Sunan, Author: Sharaf Al-Din Al-Hussein bin Abdullah Al-Tibi (743 AH), Publisher: Nizar Mustafa Al-Baz Library (Makkah – Riyadh) Number of parts: 13 (12 and a volume for indexes) (in one serial numbering) Edition: First, 1417 AH – 1997 AD, Vol: 11, P: 3440

    [31] Sahih Bukhari: 1036, Sahih Muslim: 157

    [32] Sahih Bukhari: 7061, 1036, Sahih Muslim: 157

    [33] Sahih Bukhari: 7115, Sahih Muslim: 157,

    [34] Sahih Bukhari: 59, 6496 Sahih ibne Hibban: 104.

    [35] Sunan Abi Dawud: 581, Sunan ibne Majah: 982, Musnad Ahmad: 27181

    [36] Awn Al-Ma’bud, Sharah  Sunan Abi Dawood, Author: Muhammad Ashraf bin Amir Al-Azim Abadi (died: 1329 AH) Publisher: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah – Beirut, Edition: Second, 1415 AH, Vol: 2, P: 203

    [37] Sahih Bukhari: 81, 2671, Sunan Tirmidhi: 2205

    [38] Sahih Bukhari: 7119, Sahih Muslim: 2894.

    [39] Sahih Muslim: 2897, Mustadrak Alas Sahihain: 8486

    [40] Sahih Bukhari: 3449, Sahih Muslim: 155, by Abu Hurairah, Sahih Muslim: 156, Sahih Ibne Hibban:  6819, by Jabir.

    [41] Mirqat Al-Mafatih Sharh Mishkat Al-Masabih, by Al-Mulla Al-Harawi Al-Qari (died: 1014 AH), Publisher: Dar Al-Fikr, Beirut – Lebanon, Edition: First, 1422 AH – 2002 AD, Vol: 8, P: 3495.

    [42] Sahih Bukhari: 3449, Sahih Muslim: 155, by Abu Hurairah, Sahih Muslim: 156, Sahih Ibne Hibban:  6819, by Jabir.

    [43] Sahih Bukhari: 2222, 2476, Sahih Muslim: 155,

    [44] Musnad Ahmad: 13368, Musnad Abu Ya’ala Al Mausali: 3639. Chain of narration this hadith is narrated by Aisha: Musnad Ahmad: 24511

    [45] Sunan Tirmidhi: 2237, Musnad Ahmad: 12, Mustadrak , by Hakim: 8608, and said: This is a hadith with an authentic chain of narration.

    [46] Sahih Muslim: 2901, Sunan Abi Daud: 4311, Sunan Tirmidhi: 2183

    [47] Al Bidayah wan Nihayah, by Ibne  Katheer al-Qurashi al-Basri  al-Dimashqi (died: 774 AH), Publisher: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, Edition: First 1408 AH – 1988 AD, Vol: 2, P: 130-132

    [48] Al Bad’a wattarikh, by,  Al-Mutahhar bin Tahir Al-Maqdisi (died: around 355 AH), Publisher: Maktabah Al thaqafah Al Diniyyah Port Said, Vol: 4, P: 64. Al-Masalik wa Al-Mamalik, by  Abu Ubaid Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz bin Muhammad Al-Bakri Al-Andalusi (died: 487 AH), Publisher: Dar Al-Gharb Al-Islami, Vol: 1, P: 454. Geography, by  Abu Al-Hassan Ali bin Musa bin Saeed Al-Maghribi (died: 685 AH), P: 56.

    [49] Mustadrak Alas Sahihain: 8494, the chain of transmission of this hadith is good. Imam Al-Dhahabi was silent about this hadith in his book “Talkhees Al-Mustadrak.”.  Musnad Abi Dawood Al-Tayalisi, by Abu Dawood Sulayman bin Dawood bin Al-Jaroud Al-Tayalisi Al-Basri (died: 204 AH) ,Publisher: Dar Hijr – Egypt Edition: First, 1419 AH – 1999 AD, Hadith No: 2687.

    [50] Surah Naml: 82, Sahih Mislim: 2901, Sunan Abi Daud: 4311.

    [51] Anwar al-Tanzil wa Asrar al-Ta’wil, by Nasir al-Din Abu Saeed Abdullah bin Omar bin Muhammad al-Shirazi al-Baydawi (died: 685 AH), Publisher: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi – Beirut, Edition: First – 1418 AH, Vol: 4, P: 167, 168. Al-Kashaf ‘an Haqa’iq Ghawamidh al-Tanzil, by Abu al-Qasim Mahmoud bin Amr bin Ahmed, al-Zamakhshari Jar Allah (died: 538 AH), Publisher: Dar al-Kitab al-Arabi – Beirut, Edition: Third – 1407 AH, Vol: 3, P: 384

    [52] Sahih Bukhari: 2926, Sunan Tirmidht: 2240, Sunan ibne Majah: 4075

    [53] Tuhfat al-Ahwadhi Bisharhi  Jami` al-Tirmidhi, by Abu al-Ala Muhammad Abd al-Rahman ibn Abd al-Rahim al-Mubarakfuri (died: 1353 AH), Publisher: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah – Beirut, Vol: 6, P: 401

    [54] Sahih Muslim: 2937, Sunan Abi Daud: 4321, Sunan Tirmidhi: 2240و Sunan Ibne Majah: 4075,

    [55] Al-Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj, by  Abu Zakariya Muhyi Al-Din Yahya bin Sharaf Al-Nawawi (died: 676 AH), Publisher: Dar Ihya Al-Turath Al-Arabi – Beirut, Edition: Second, 1392, Vol: 18, P: 68.

    [56] Sahih Bukhari: 2476, Sahih Muslim: 155.

    [57] Sahih Bukhari: 2476, Sahih Muslim: 155.

    [58] Sahih Muslim: 157, Musnad Ahmad: 8819, Mustadrak by Hakim: 8472.

    [59] Sahih Bukhari: 1036, Sahih Muslim: 157.

    [60] Sahih Bukhari: 7116, Sahih Muslim: 2906.

    [61] Al-Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj, by  Abu Zakariya Muhyi Al-Din Yahya bin Sharaf Al-Nawawi (died: 676 AH), Publisher: Dar Ihya Al-Turath Al-Arabi – Beirut, Edition: Second, 1392, Vol: 18, P: 33.

    [62] Sahih Bukhari: 7118, Sahih Muslim: 2902.

    [63] Tareekul Islam by Al-Dhahabi, Vol: 48, P: 18, 19,  Dar Al-Kitab Al-Arabi, Beirut, Edition: Second, 1413 AH – 1993 AD. SHadharatu Dhahab Fi Akhbari Man Dhahab, by Abdul Hai bin Ahmad bin Muhammad bin Al-Imad Al-Akri Al-Hanbali, Abu Al-Falah (died: 1089 AH) , Publisher: Dar Ibn Kathir, Damascus – Beirut, Edition: First, 1406 AH – 1986 AD, Vol: 7, P: 454.

    [64] Sahih Muslim: 2901, Sunan Tirmidhi:  4311, Sunan Abi Daud: 2183.

    [65] Mirqat Al-Mafatih Sharh Mishkat Al-Masabih, by Al-Mulla Al-Harawi Al-Qari (died: 1014 AH), Publisher: Dar Al-Fikr, Beirut – Lebanon, Edition: First, 1422 AH – 2002 AD, Vol: 8, P: 3450.

    [66] Sharh Sunan Abi Dawood, by, Shihab al-Din Abu al-Abbas Ahmad bin Hussein bin Ali bin Raslan al-Maqdisi al-Ramli al-Shafi’i (died: 844 AH),Publisher: Dar al-Falah for Scientific Research and Heritage Investigation, Fayoum – Arab Republic of Egypt, Edition: First, 1437 AH – 2016 AD, Vol: 17, P: 139.

    [67] Sahih Bukhari: 1591, 1596, Sahih Muslim: 2909.

    [68] Umdat Al-Qari Sharh Sahih Al-Bukhari, by Abu Muhammad Mahmoud bin Ahmed bin Musa bin Ahmed bin Hussein Al-Ghitabi Al-Hanafi Badr Al-Din Al-Ayni (died: 855 AH), Publisher: Dar Ihya Al-Turath Al-Arabi – Beirut, Vol: 9, P: 232. Al-Kashif ‘an Haqa’iq Al-Sunan, Author: Sharaf Al-Din Al-Hussein bin Abdullah Al-Tibi (743 AH), Publisher: Nizar Mustafa Al-Baz Library (Makkah – Riyadh) Number of parts: 13 (12 and a volume for indexes) (in one serial numbering) Edition: First, 1417 AH – 1997 AD, Vol: 11, P: 3430, 3431.

    [69] Surah Dukhan: 10, Sahih Muslim: 2901, Sunan Abi Daud: 4311.

    [70] Sahih Bukhari: 4774, Sahih Muslim: 2798.

    [71] Sahih Muslim: 2798, Al-Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj, by  Abu Zakariya Muhyi Al-Din Yahya bin Sharaf Al-Nawawi (died: 676 AH), Publisher: Dar Ihya Al-Turath Al-Arabi – Beirut, Edition: Second, 1392, Vol: 18, P: 27.

    [72] Al-Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj, by  Abu Zakariya Muhyi Al-Din Yahya bin Sharaf Al-Nawawi (died: 676 AH), Publisher: Dar Ihya Al-Turath Al-Arabi – Beirut, Edition: Second, 1392, Vol: 18, P: 27.

    [73] , Sahih Muslim: 2901, Sunan Abi Daud: 4311.

    [74] Mirqat Al-Mafatih Sharh Mishkat Al-Masabih, by Al-Mulla Al-Harawi Al-Qari (died: 1014 AH), Publisher: Dar Al-Fikr, Beirut – Lebanon, Edition: First, 1422 AH – 2002 AD, Vol: 8, P: 3449. Awn Al-Ma’bud, Sharah  Sunan Abi Dawood, Author: Muhammad Ashraf bin Amir Al-Azim Abadi (died: 1329 AH) Publisher: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah – Beirut, Edition: Second, 1415 AH, Vol: 11, P: 203.

    [75] Sahih Muslim: 2940, Sunan Nasyi Al Kubra: 11565, Musnad Ahmad: 6555

    [76] Sahih Muslim: 2940.

    [77] Sahih Muslim: 148, Sunan Tirmidhi: 2207, Tafsir Abd al-Razzaq, by Abu Bakr Abd al-Razzaq bin Hammam bin Nafi al-Himyari al-Yamani al-San’ani (died: 211 AH) , Publisher: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, Edition: First, year 1419 AH, Hadith No: 2280

    [78] Al-Bahr Al-Muheet Al-Thajjaj Fi Sharhi Sahih Al-Imam Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj, by Muhammad bin Ali bin Adam bin Musa Al-Ethiopi Al-Walawi, Publisher: Dar Ibn Al-Jawzi, Edition: First, (1426 – 1436 AH) Vol: 4, P: 164.

    [79] Sahih Muslim: 2937, Musnad Ahmad: 17666.

    [80] Al-Minhaj Sharh Sahih Muslim bin Al-Hajjaj, by  Abu Zakariya Muhyi Al-Din Yahya bin Sharaf Al-Nawawi (died: 676 AH), Publisher: Dar Ihya Al-Turath Al-Arabi – Beirut, Edition: Second, 1392, Vol: 18, P: 70.

    [81] Az-Zumar: 68.

    [82] Sahih Bukhari: 2411, 6517, Sahih Muslim: 2373.

    [83] Az-Zumar: 68, (Ya Seen:51)

    [84] Sahih Bukhari: 4935, Sahih Muslim: 2955.

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